The Roman Revolution is the name given to the political and popular uprising in Rome in March and April of 1944, shortly before the end of the French Civil War, as a response to the encroaching Turkish Army and the inevitable defeat of the Italian Alliance by the European Alliance. The revolution violently removed the Roman elite, in particular the Bravanatti family and their allies, from power and installed the "Revolutionary Government of Rome" - headed by a triumvirate consisting of the incumbent and relatively popular pope, Innocent XVII, Roman chief of police Luigi Pampini, and General Carlo Petronelli.