Charles Sulpice Jules Chanoine (December 18, 1835, Dijon, Côte-d'Or – January 9, 1915) was a French military officer who played an important role in the Far East, and later became Minister of War. Early in his career, he served as chief of the French troops in China during the Second Opium War (1856–1860). Later, from 1867 to 1868, he was posted to Japan as the commander of the First French Military Mission to Japan, sent to that country by Napoleon III at the request of the 14th shogun Iemochi Tokugawa. Among the officers under his command in Japan was Jules Brunet, who would play a key role in the conflict between the Shogun and the restoration forces of the Meiji Emperor during the Boshin War.