François Paul Anthoine (28 February 1860 – 25 December 1944) was a French army general during World War I, most notable during Robert Nivelle's ill-fated campaign in 1917 and later the Third Battle of the Aisne. At the height of his career, Anthoine was appointed as Chief of Staff to the former Commander in Chief, Henri-Philippe Petain, during the Third Battle of the Aisne. However, when the "Great War" began, Anthoine was General Castelnau's Chief of Staff. As time passed and Anthoine proved his worth in military tactics, he was eventually promoted to commander of the French First Army.