Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837, and the first Empress of India from 1 May 1876, until her death on 22 January 1901. Her reign of 63 years and seven months made her the longest-reigning British Monarch until 9 September 2015, when her great-great-granddaughter Queen Elizabeth II surpassed that milestone. During Victoria's reign, the British Empire saw an explosion of industrial growth and innovation.