Eliahu (Eli) ben Shaoul Cohen (, 16 December 1924 – 18 May 1965) (Arabic:ايلي كوهين) was an Israeli spy. He is best known for his espionage work in 1961 - 1965 in Syria, where he developed close relationships with the political and military hierarchy and became the Chief Adviser to the Minister of Defense. Syrian counter-intelligence authorities eventually uncovered a spy conspiracy, tried and convicted Cohen under pre-war 'martial law' to death penalty in 1965. The intelligence he gathered is claimed to have been an important factor in Israel's success in the Six Day War.