Charles Evans Hughes, Sr. (April 11, 1862 – August 27, 1948) was a lawyer and Republican politician from New York. He served as the 36th Governor of New York (1907–1910), Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (1910–1916), United States Secretary of State (1921–1925) under Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge, and the 11th Chief Justice of the United States (1930–1941). He was the Republican candidate in the 1916 election for President of the United States, narrowly losing to incumbent Woodrow Wilson. Hughes was an important leader of the progressive movement of the 1900s, a leading diplomat and New York lawyer in the days of Harding and Coolidge, and a leader of opposition to President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal in the 1930s.