The Panama Crisis was a military and political confrontation that occurred in November of 1957 in Colombia. The root of the crisis lay in the decision by Colombian President Gustavo Rojas Pinilla to nationalize the Panama Canal in July of 1957, which immediately triggered a crisis as various parties scrambled to prevent him from going through with his threat. After negotiations led by Sweden and Mexico fell through, the United States, along with the canal-reliant Confederate States and Costa Rica, launched an attack against Colombia.