Private Orlando E. Caruana (June 23, 1844 to September 14, 1917) was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Caruana received the country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor, for his action during the Battle of New Bern in North Carolina on 14 March 1862 and the Battle of South Mountain in Maryland on 14 September 1862. He was honored with the award on 14 November 1890.