HMS Dover was a 40-gun fourth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy, originally built for the navy of the Commonwealth of England at Shoreham, and launched in 1654. By 1677 her armament had been increased to 48 guns. At the Battle of Solebay of 1672, Dover, commanded by John Ernle, saved Sir John Harman and the Charles from a fire ship. Dover was rebuilt for the first time in 1695 at Portsmouth, from where she relaunched as a 50-gun fourth-rate ship of the line. She underwent a second rebuild in 1716.