Sir James Henderson-Stewart, 1st Baronet, (originally James Henderson Stewart, 6 December 1897 – 3 September 1961) was a British banker, Army officer and politician. He was a National Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for East Fife from 1933 until his death, and was the sessional chairman of the Parliamentary Party in 1945. He played an important role in negotiating the unity of the National Liberals with the Conservatives, but was unable to persuade the Liberal Party to join as well.