Ellen Ainsworth (born 1918 in Glenwood City, Wisconsin d. 1944 in Anzio, Italy) was an officer in the United States Army during World War II. Ainsworth was awarded the Silver Star and the Purple Heart for her actions during Operation Shingle while serving with the Medical Corps, in which she ultimately gave her life. Subsequent memorials to her include a conference room named in her honor at The Pentagon and a dispensary named in her honor at Fort Hamilton. Ainsworth was the only woman serving the United States Armed Forces to be killed by enemy fire who was from Wisconsin during World War II.