Henry Franklin Thomas (December 17, 1843 – April 16, 1912) was a politician from the U.S. state of Michigan. Thomas was born in Tompkins Township, Michigan and attended the common schools and Albion College of Albion, Michigan in 1859. He enlisted in 1862 during the American Civil War as a private in the Seventh Regiment, Michigan Volunteer Cavalry. He was promoted to first sergeant of Company D, and in July 1864 to second lieutenant. He renewed his studies in the Ypsilanti Normal School, (now Eastern Michigan University) and graduated from the medical department of University of Michigan at Ann Arbor in 1868 and commenced practice in Constantine. In 1870, he moved to Allegan, Michigan.