Samuel Lithgow CBE (c. 1860 - 9 September 1937) was a solicitor and local politician involved in social and temperance work. Born in Marylebone, he was the son of Samuel Lithgow, a house paintet, and his wife Mary Mason née Hall. He became a solicitor, eventually working at the Supreme Court. In 1891 he founded the Stanhope Institute for Working Men and Women, and was a governor of the North Western Polytechnic. A member of the Liberal Party, he stood as a candidate at Devonport at general elections in 1910 and 1918, without success.