Ja'far ibn Muḥammad Abū Ma'shar al-Balkhī (10 August 787 in Balkh, Afghanistan – 9 March 886 in al-Wasit, Iraq), also known as al-Falaki or Albumasar was a Persian (Tājīk) mathematician, astronomer, astrologer and Islamic philosopher. Many of his works were translated into Latin and were well known in amongst many European astrologers, astronomers, and mathematicians (Mathematici) during the European Middle Ages.