UHF anime(UHFアニメ) refers to the anime (produced in prospect of being) broadcast by independent stations generally located in the Kanto, Chukyo and Kansai regions of Japan, who are members of the Japanese Association of Independent Television Stations JAITS. Other common names for UHF anime include U-kyoku anime(U局アニメ) and U-kei anime(U系アニメ). The UHF anime are usually produced by "production committees"(製作委員会seisaku iin-kai), formed by the packaged media, merchandising and video game stakeholders, with limited commitment from the broadcasters for broadcast self-regulation. In contrast to the major network stations such as TV Tokyo who are the leading stakeholders in the production, the producers often pay the broadcasters as brokered programming.