Homo floresiensis ("Flores Man", nicknamed "hobbit" and "Flo") is an extinct species in the genus Homo. The remains of an individual were discovered in 2003 on the island of Flores in Indonesia. Partial skeletons of nine individuals have been recovered, including one complete cranium (skull). These remains have been the subject of intense research to determine whether they represent a species distinct from modern humans. This hominin is remarkable for its small body and brain and for its survival until relatively recent times (possibly as recently as 12,000 years ago). Recovered alongside the skeletal remains were stone tools from archaeological horizons ranging from 94,000 to 13,000 years ago.
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| - Homo floresiensis
- Homo floresiensis
- Homo floresiensis
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| - Homo floresiensis ("Flores Man", nicknamed "hobbit" and "Flo") is an extinct species in the genus Homo. The remains of an individual were discovered in 2003 on the island of Flores in Indonesia. Partial skeletons of nine individuals have been recovered, including one complete cranium (skull). These remains have been the subject of intense research to determine whether they represent a species distinct from modern humans. This hominin is remarkable for its small body and brain and for its survival until relatively recent times (possibly as recently as 12,000 years ago). Recovered alongside the skeletal remains were stone tools from archaeological horizons ranging from 94,000 to 13,000 years ago.
- The discoverers (anthropologists Peter Brown, Michael Morwood and their colleagues) have argued that a variety of features, both primitive and derived, identified the skeleton of LB1 as that of a new species of hominin, H. floresiensis. They argued that it lived contemporaneously with modern humans (Homo sapiens) on Flores.
- Homo floresiensis («Hombre de Flores») es el nombre propuesto para una posible especie recientemente descrita del género Homo, extraordinaria por el pequeño tamaño de su cuerpo y su cerebro, y por su reciente supervivencia, pues se cree que fue contemporánea con los humanos modernos (Homo sapiens) en la remota isla indonesia de Flores. Se descubrió un esqueleto subfósil, datado hace 18.000 años, muy completo excepto por los huesos del brazo, que todavía no se habían encontrado, en yacimientos en la cueva de Ling Bua en 2003. Posteriormente, en el mismo lugar se recuperaron partes de otros seis individuos, todos diminutos, así como los huesos del brazo derecho pertenecientes al ejemplar original y herramientas de piedras igualmente pequeñas de estratos comprendidos de entre 90.000 a 13.000
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| abstract
| - Homo floresiensis ("Flores Man", nicknamed "hobbit" and "Flo") is an extinct species in the genus Homo. The remains of an individual were discovered in 2003 on the island of Flores in Indonesia. Partial skeletons of nine individuals have been recovered, including one complete cranium (skull). These remains have been the subject of intense research to determine whether they represent a species distinct from modern humans. This hominin is remarkable for its small body and brain and for its survival until relatively recent times (possibly as recently as 12,000 years ago). Recovered alongside the skeletal remains were stone tools from archaeological horizons ranging from 94,000 to 13,000 years ago.
- Homo floresiensis («Hombre de Flores») es el nombre propuesto para una posible especie recientemente descrita del género Homo, extraordinaria por el pequeño tamaño de su cuerpo y su cerebro, y por su reciente supervivencia, pues se cree que fue contemporánea con los humanos modernos (Homo sapiens) en la remota isla indonesia de Flores. Se descubrió un esqueleto subfósil, datado hace 18.000 años, muy completo excepto por los huesos del brazo, que todavía no se habían encontrado, en yacimientos en la cueva de Ling Bua en 2003. Posteriormente, en el mismo lugar se recuperaron partes de otros seis individuos, todos diminutos, así como los huesos del brazo derecho pertenecientes al ejemplar original y herramientas de piedras igualmente pequeñas de estratos comprendidos de entre 90.000 a 13.000 años de antigüedad. La isla de Flores ha sido descrita (en la revista Nature) como «una especie de mundo perdido», donde animales arcaicos, largamente extintos en el resto del mundo, habían evolucionado a formas gigantes y enanas por especiación alopátrica. La isla tenía elefantes enanos (una especie de Stegodon) y lagartos gigantes similares al dragón de Komodo, así como el Homo floresiensis, que puede ser considerado una especie de humano enano. Los descubridores han apodado a los miembros de la diminuta especie «hobbits», como la raza ficticia de Tolkien que en sus libros eran aproximadamente la misma estatura. Igualmente hace recordar a seres de la mitología de la isla, que presenta abundantes referencias a Ebu Gogo, un hombre peludo pequeño. Este descubrimiento ha tenido una gran controversia en el mundo científico; ya que no todos los investigadores están a favor del descubrimiento de una nueva especie; y se han publicado investigaciones a favor y en contra del Homo floresiensis.
- The discoverers (anthropologists Peter Brown, Michael Morwood and their colleagues) have argued that a variety of features, both primitive and derived, identified the skeleton of LB1 as that of a new species of hominin, H. floresiensis. They argued that it lived contemporaneously with modern humans (Homo sapiens) on Flores. Doubts that the remains constitute a new species were soon voiced by the Indonesian anthropologist Teuku Jacob, who suggested that the skull of LB1 was a microcephalic modern human. A controversy developed, leading to the publication of a number of studies which supported or rejected claims for species status. In March 2005 scientists who published details of the brain of Flores Man in Science supported species status. Several researchers, including one scientist who worked on the initial study, have disputed the 2005 study, supporting the conclusion that the skull is microcephalic. The original discoverers have argued against these interpretations and maintain that H. floresiensis is a distinct species. This is supported by a recent study published by paleoneurologist Dean Falk and his colleagues that disputes the possibility of microcephaly. They compared the H. floresiensis brain to ten microcephalic brains, and revealed distinct differences that have so far gone unanswered by critics. In addition, a 2007 study of carpal bones of H. floresiensis found similarities to those of a chimpanzee or early hominin such as Australopithecus and significant differences from the bones of modern humans. Studies of the bones and joints of the arm and shoulder have also suggested that H. floresiensis was more similar to early humans and apes than modern humans. However, critics of the claim to species status continue to suggest alternative explanations. One recent hypothesis is that the individuals were born without a functioning thyroid, resulting from a type of endemic cretinism (myxoedematous, ME). This idea has been dismissed by members of the original discovery team as based on a misinterpretation of the data.
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