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| - Stevia is a genus of about 240 species of herbs and shrubs in the sunflower family (Asteraceae), native to subtropical and tropical regions from western North America to South America. The species Stevia rebaudiana, commonly known as sweetleaf, sweet leaf, sugarleaf, or simply stevia, is widely grown for its sweet leaves. As a sweetener and sugar substitute, stevia's taste has a slower onset and longer duration than that of sugar, although some of its extracts may have a bitter or licorice-like aftertaste at high concentrations.
- El género Stevia comprende unas 150 especies de hierbas y arbustos de la familia de las asteráceas, nativos de la región tropical y subtropical de América, donde crecen de forma silvestre en una gran variedad de habitats. Varias especies se cultivan de manera más o menos intensiva por el uso gastronómico de sus hojas, que contienen glucósidos (los steviósidos y rebaudiósidos) empleados como sustituto hipocalórico del azúcar; las más popular de ellas es el ka'a he'ê (Stevia rebaudiana), utilizada por los guaraníes para endulzar el mate.
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| abstract
| - El género Stevia comprende unas 150 especies de hierbas y arbustos de la familia de las asteráceas, nativos de la región tropical y subtropical de América, donde crecen de forma silvestre en una gran variedad de habitats. Varias especies se cultivan de manera más o menos intensiva por el uso gastronómico de sus hojas, que contienen glucósidos (los steviósidos y rebaudiósidos) empleados como sustituto hipocalórico del azúcar; las más popular de ellas es el ka'a he'ê (Stevia rebaudiana), utilizada por los guaraníes para endulzar el mate. Las especies de Stevia son perennes, de follaje gutinoso, tallos normalmente pubescentes y raíces pivotantes. Crecen en ambientes semiáridos, a varias alturas, siendo más frecuentes a nivel del mar y en habitats herbáceos. Sólo un pequeño porcentaje de las semillas producidas germina por lo general.
- Stevia is a genus of about 240 species of herbs and shrubs in the sunflower family (Asteraceae), native to subtropical and tropical regions from western North America to South America. The species Stevia rebaudiana, commonly known as sweetleaf, sweet leaf, sugarleaf, or simply stevia, is widely grown for its sweet leaves. As a sweetener and sugar substitute, stevia's taste has a slower onset and longer duration than that of sugar, although some of its extracts may have a bitter or licorice-like aftertaste at high concentrations. With its extracts having up to 300 times the sweetness of sugar, stevia has garnered attention with the rise in demand for low-carbohydrate, low-sugar food alternatives. Medical research has also shown possible benefits of stevia in treating obesity and high blood pressure. Because stevia has a negligible effect on blood glucose, it is attractive as a natural sweetener to people on carbohydrate-controlled diets. The availability of stevia varies from country to country. In a few countries, it has been available as a sweetener for decades or centuries; for example, stevia is widely used as a sweetener in Japan where it has been available for decades. In some countries, stevia is restricted or banned. In other countries, health concerns and political controversies have limited its availability; for example, the United States banned stevia in the early 1990s unless labeled as a supplement, but in 2008 approved rebaudioside-A extract as a food additive. Over the years, the number of countries in which stevia is available as a sweetener has been increasing.
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