Pakistan is one of the many countries on the human homeworld of Earth. It is located in southern Asia, bordered by India on the east, the Arabian Sea on the south, Iran on the southwest, and Afghanistan on the west and north. Pakistan is one of the last Islamic Republics remaining on Earth in the 26th century, though several UNSC controlled planets have a large Islamic population, making Islam one of the largest religions present in the 26th century. It has radically modernized itself, from what it was in 21st century. Blood tests of Spartan John-117 show that some of his ancestors came from the south east region of Pakistan.