Patriarch Alexy I (Sergey Vladimirovich Simanskiy) (Russian: Патриарх Алексий I (Сергей Владимирович Симанский)) (November 8 [O.S. October 27] 1877 – April 17, 1970) was the 13th Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus, Primate of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) between 1945 and 1970. Supporters praise Alexius I for working hard to ensure the survival of the Christianity in Russia, advocating peace and inter-church unity, while opponents often accused him of complicity with the Soviet authorities.